The Top 10 Jewish Psychologists

1. Sigmund Freud: Credited as being the founder of psychoanalysis. 
2. Leon Festinger: Known for his theory of cognitive dissonance. 
3. Stanley Schachter: Known for his two factor theory of emotion. 
4. Kurt Lewin: Known as the founder of social psychology. 
5. Jerome Kagan: One of the founders of developmental psychology. 
6. Walter Mischel: Known for his theories of personality. 
7. Harry Harlow: Known for his theories of maternal separation. 
8. Jerome S. Bruner: Contributed to the field of cognitive learning theory. 
9. Lawrence Kohlberg: Known for his theories of moral development. 
10. Martin Seligman: Developed the theory of learned helplessness. 

*Honorable Mention: Ulric Neisser, Solomon Asch, David Wechsler, Joseph Wolpe, Robert Sternberg, Alfred Adler, Alexander Luria

If you're feeling down and you can't find one of the top 10 Jewish psychologists to help you out, maybe this book will cheer you up!

The Top 10 Jewish Philosophers

1. Baruch Spinoza: 17th century Dutch rationalist philosopher known for his work on ethics. 
2. Jacques Derrida: Founder of the philosophical school of thought known as Deconstructionism. 
3. Ludwig Wittgenstein: Known for “logical positivism” and “ordinary language philosophy.” 
4. Thomas Kuhn: Came up with the term “Paradigm Shift,” now commonly used even by non-philosophers. 
5. Karl Marx: Founder of Marxism. 
6. Noam Chomsky: Controversial linguist and philosopher known for “analytic philosophy.” 
7. Isaiah Berlin: Known for value-pluralism (several values which may be correct, but in contradiction to each other.) 
8. Alfred Ayer: Known for his contributions to “logical positivism.” 
9. Hilary Putnam: Known for his philosophy regarding the mind-body problem. 
10. Saul Kripke: Known for analytic philosophy and came up with a philosophical system now called “Kripke Semantics.”

* The philosophers in this list are not contributors to Jewish philosophy per se, but contributors to the field of philosophy who happen to be Jewish.

The Top 10 Jewish Economists

1. Milton Friedman: 1976 Nobel Prize in Economics winner. Argued for free market systems with little government interference. 
2. Karl Marx: Founder of Marxism, which holds that economies progress through class struggle. 
3. John von Neumann: Applied game theory to economics using the minimax and other theories. 
4. Paul Wolfowitz: Former president of the World Bank (2005-2007). 
5. Alan Greenspan: Former Federal Reserve Chairman (1987-2006). 
6. Ben Bernacki: Chairman of the Federal Reserve (2006 – Present). 
7. Paul Krugman: Known for International Trade Theory, New Trade Theory, and New Economic Geography. 
8. Joseph Stiglitz: Former Chief Economist of the World Bank (1997-2000). 
9. Lawrence Summers: Former Director of the White House United States National Economic Council (2009-2010) and United States Secretary of the Treasury (1999-2001). 
10. Bernard Baruch: Economic advisor to Presidents Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt.

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The Top 10 Jews in the Law (Non-Judges)

1. Alan Dershowitz: Probably the most famous Jewish attorney. Has represented many famous celebrities: Mike Tyson, Jim Bakker, and Patty Hearst. Most famous for representing Claus von Bülow. 
2. Erwin Chemerinski: Considered to be one of the leading Constitutional scholars of today. 
3. William Kunstler: Defended the “Chicago Seven.” Considered one of the most radical liberal lawyers. 
4. Eugene Volokh: One of the most cited law professors today, especially for his scholarship on the First Amendment. 
5. Marcia Clark: Prosecutor during the O.J. Simpson Trial. 
6. Gloria Allred: Famous for taking on high profile cases, especially cases involving female discrimination. 
7. Robert Shapiro: Civil rights lawyer. Part of “The Dream Team” of O.J. Simpson. 
8. Nathan Lewin: Argues many First Amendment rights cases, including the right to put up a menorah in public. 
9. Barry Scheck: Founded the Innocence Project to free wrongly accused people, especially through DNA evidence. Part of the O.J. Simpson “Dream Team.” 
10. Peter Neufeld: Co-founded the Innocence Project with Barry Scheck.

A book by one of America's most famous lawyers, in defense of Israel's rights.

The Top 10 Jewish Judges

1. Louis Brandeis: First Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
2. Benjamin Cardozo: Second Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
3. Felix Frankfurter: Third Jew appointed to the United States Supreme Court.
4. Arthur Goldberg: Fourth Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
5. Abe Fortas: Fifth Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
6. Ruth Bader Ginsburg: Sixth Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
7. Stephen Breyer: Seventh Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
8. Elana Kagan: Eighth Jew appointed to the Supreme Court of the United States.
9. Richard Posner: Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit. Has been called “The World’s Most Distinguished Legal Scholar.”
10. Alex Kozinski: Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeal

* Honorable Mention: Joseph Wapner (People’s Court), Judith Sheindlin (Judge Judy), Jerry Sheindlin, Stanley Mosk, Ed Koch (People’s Court), Judith Kaye

You be the Judge: A Collection of Ethical Cases and Jewish Answers

The Top 10 Jewish Chemists and Biochemists

1. Adolph von Baeyer: First Jew to win a Nobel Prize. 1905 winner for his work on organic dyes. 
2. Melvin Calvin: Nobel Prize winner for his work on how plants turn carbon dioxide into sugar (“The Calvin Cycle”). 
3. Fritz Haber: Won the 1918 Nobel Prize for synthesizing ammonia. 
4. Hans Krebs: Nobel Prize winner in 1953 for his work on how cells turn sugar into energy (“The Krebs Cycle”). 
5. Paul Berg: Won the 1980 Nobel Prize for his work on recombinant DNA (inserting foreign pieces of DNA into other pieces of DNA). 
6. Arthur Kornberg: Won the Nobel Prize in 1959 for his work on how DNA is synthesized. 
7. Gertrude Elion: Developed new drugs that led to the treatment of AIDS. 
8. Max Tishler: Synthesized ascorbic acid, cortisone, riboflavin and other molecules. 
9. Frank Westheimer: Pioneer in many fields, including the reactions of RNA, DNA and ribozymes. 
10. Rosalyn Sussman Yalow: Developed the radioimmunoassay technique.

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The Top 10 Jewish Mathematicians

1. John von Neumann: Contributor to the mathematics of game theory. 
2. Carl G.J. Jacobi: Developed theories on elliptic functions. 
3. Paul Erdös: Came up with mathematical theories that help explain the concept of “Six Degrees of Separation.” 
4. Alexander Grothendieck: Known for his work on algebraic geometry. 
5. Benoit Mandelbrot: Known as the father of fractal geometry. 
6. Emma Noether: Known for her work on abstract algebra. Considered by some to be the greatest female mathematician of all time. 
7. Herman Minkowski: Used geometry to solve problems in number theory, mathematical physics, and the theory of relativity. 
8. Edward Witten: Helped bridge the gap between mathematics and theoretical physics. 
9. James Joseph Sylvester: He was the first person to use word “graph” to refer to vertices and nodes. 
10. Felix Hausdorff: One of the founders of modern topology and contributor to set theory.

If you want to know more about the man who more or less invented modern day game theory, check out this book. 

The Top 10 Jewish Physicists

1. Albert Einstein: Everyone knows the most famous formula he discovered, E=mc2. 
2. Niels Bohr: Won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to quantum theory and the structure of the atom. 
3. Murray Gell-Mann: Won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physics for his contributions to the understanding of the quark. 
4. Edward Teller: Nuclear scientist known as “The Father of the Hydrogen Bomb.” 
5. Albert Michelson: Known for determining, with relative accuracy, the speed of light. 
6. Richard Feynman: Won the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in quantum physics. 
7. Sheldon Glashow and Steven Weinberg: 1979 Nobel Prize in Physics for contributions to the field electroweak interactions. 
8. Otto Stern: Demonstrated the wave nature of atoms. 1943 Nobel Prize in Physics. 
9. Hans Bethe: 1976 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on stellar nucleosynthesis. 
10. Isadore Isaac Rabi: Discoverer of nuclear magnetic resonance. 1944 Nobel Prize in Physics winner. 

*Honorable Mention: Julian Schwinger, Rudolf Peierls, Hans Bethe, James Franck, Edward Teller, J. Robert Oppenheimer, Eugene Wigner, Leo Szilard, Edward Witten, Lise Meitner, Lev Landau, Walter Kohn, Fritz London

This book explores the relationship between Judaism, cosmology, 

quantum mechanics, chaos theory relativity and string theory.

The Top 10 Jewish Physicians and Medical Biologists

1. Maimonides: Famous rabbi and appointed court physician to the Sultan of Saladin and the royal family.
2. Jonas Salk: Developed the first effective polio vaccine.
3. Paul Ehrlich: Known for his work for treating sleeping sickness, curing syphilis, and coining the terms "chemotherapy" and "magic bullet."
4. Rosalind Franklin: Integral part of the team of scientists with Watson and Crick and discovered the DNA double helix structure.
5. Karl Landsteiner: Discovered the ABO blood groups, which led to blood transfusion techniques.
6. Isaac Hays: One of the founders of the American Medical Association and authored its first Code of Ethics.
7. Albert Sabin: Developed an oral polio vaccine.
8. Carl Djerassi: Developed the first oral contraceptive.
9. Waldemar Hoffkine: Developed vaccines against cholera and bubonic plague.
10. Elie Metchnikoff: Discovered that white blood cells destroy invaders by engulfing them.

Jews have invented lots of things, including the Polio vaccine.  

Click the book cover above to see the book on Jonas Salk's invention of the Polio vaccine.